Comprehensive list of Public Public Holidays that are celebrated in Denmark during 2020 with dates and information on the origin and meaning of holidays. The British fleet bombarded Copenhagen again that year, causing considerable destruction to the city. In 2015, Lars Løkke Rasmussen won the Folketing election and formed a new twice government and was in his second office. There are seven heritage sites inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list in Northern Europe: Christiansfeld, a Moravian Church Settlement, the Jelling Mounds (Runic Stones and Church), Kronborg Castle, Roskilde Cathedral, and The par force hunting landscape in North Zealand and 3 in the World Heritage list in North America: Ilulissat Icefjord, Aasivissuit — Nipisat, Kujataa within the Kingdom of Denmark. Danish agriculture was very inefficient and unproductive as a result, since the peasants had no motivation to perform anything more than the absolute minimum of work. From the 18th century up to the 1970s, the Danish government (Dano-Norwegian until 1814) have through time tried to assimilate the Greenlandic Inuit, encouraging them to adopt the majority language, culture and religion. Christian III's army, under Johan Rantzau, chased the rebels all the way back to Aalborg and then massacred over 2,000 of them inside the city in December 1534. The Protestants captured Skipper Clement (1534), and later executed him in 1536. Greenland gained home rule in 1979 and was awarded self-determination in 2009. Attempts to diversify the economy away from agriculture failed. Danish design is typically applied to industrial design, furniture and household objects, which have won many international awards. Instead leadership was in the hands of the landed, intellectual and political elites. Three months after the peace treaty was signed, Charles X Gustav of Sweden held a council of war where he decided to simply wipe Denmark from the map and unite all of Scandinavia under his rule. [74], Denmark's currency, the krone (DKK), is pegged at approximately 7.46 kroner per euro through the ERM II. New propriety and Enlightenment ideas became popular among the middle classes of Denmark, arousing increased interest in personal liberty. [86] Another source comes from the municipalities that had their income taxes raised by 3 percentage points from 1 January 2007, a contribution confiscated from the former county tax to be used from 1 January 2007 for health purposes by the municipalities instead. [63][64] Almost all of Denmark's primeval temperate forests have been destroyed or fragmented, chiefly for agricultural purposes during the last millennia. From the 8th to the 10th century the wider Scandinavian region was the source of Vikings. The Danish Reformation started in the mid-1520s. "Standard Eurobarometer 89, Spring 2018. The war lasted from February to October 1864. However, this has had little effect, and in 2008 Denmark experienced an increase in the import of fuel inefficient old cars,[164] as the cost for older cars—including taxes—keeps them within the budget of many Danes. He pointed out that the middle classes cooperated across national frontiers and used nationalistic rhetoric as a weapon against the workers and their liberation.[30]. ", Peder Tabor, "The Oldest Social-Democratic Press in the World. "Denmark is the world's happiest country – official – Europe, World", "Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income (source: SILC)", "VAN8A: Immigrations (year) by citizenship, sex and residence permit", "Counting Immigrant and Expatriates in OECD Countries: A New Perspective", "KM1: Population at the first day of the quarter by parish and member of the National Church", "Denmark – Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor", "Religion in Europe: Trust Not Filling the Pews", "Religiosity Highest in World's Poorest Nations", Freedom of religion and religious communities in Denmark, "Special Eurobarometer, biotechnology, page 204", "Overview of the Danish Education System", Why Danish students are paid to go to college, "Study in Denmark, official government website on international higher education in Denmark", "Why is Denmark the cancer capital of the world? 169 af 28. juni 1989 vedrørende oprindelige folk og stammefolk i selvstændige stater", Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, "Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income - EU-SILC survey", "Population at the first day of the quarter by municipality, sex, age, marital status, ancestry, country of origin and citizenship", "Denmark Is Considered The Happiest Country. In the early 16th century, Christian II (reigned 1513–1523) came to power. [130] Denmark is a net exporter of food and energy and has for a number of years had a balance of payments surplus which has transformed the country from a net debitor to a net creditor country. This loss came as the latest in the long series of defeats and territorial losses that had begun in the 17th century. The three left Denmark for the United States to set up the ill-starred and short-lived socialist colony near Hays City, in Ellis County, Kansas. Independence Valley, 71 East Independence, Union, MO 63084 636-584-7003 jennifer.elsproperties@gmail.com. "ICL – Denmark – Constitution – Section 31. ", Abildgren, Kim. [225], Denmark has been considered a progressive country, which has adopted legislation and policies to support women's rights, minority rights, and LGBT rights. "Danish Cold War Historiography.". [34] The earliest archaeological finds in Denmark date back to the Eem interglacial period from 130,000 to 110,000 BC. The Kingdom of Denmark includes two overseas territories, both well to the west of Denmark: Greenland, the world's largest island, and the Faroe Islands in the North Atlantic Ocean. 958. They made land reforms, adopted new technologies, and started educational and trading systems. Afghanistan: 19 August 1919 (from UK control over Afghan foreign affairs) Albania: 28 November 1912 (from Ottoman Empire) Algeria: 5 July 1962 (from France) American Samoa: none (territory of the US) Andorra: 1278 (was formed under the joint suzerainty of France and the Bishop of Urgell) in 1814 Norway won independence from Denmark ( national day/ shape day 17. would) yet at comparable time Sweden took over and until 7. Physicist Lene Vestergaard Hau is the first person to stop light, leading to advances in quantum computing, nanoscale engineering and linear optics. Memorial services were held for those affected by the catastrophic disaster at the Copenhagen Cathedral in January 2005 and on the island resort of Phuket in southern Thailand in April 2005, both of which were attended by Danish Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen on behalf of all Scandinavians. The Danish East India Company operated out of Tranquebar. On Good Friday in 1525, Tausen used the pulpit at Antvorskov Abbey Church to proclaim Luther's reforms. The Danelaw encompassed the Northeastern half of what now constitutes England, where Danes settled and Danish law and rule prevailed. In 1524 Hans Mikkelsen and Christiern Pedersen translated the New Testament into Danish; it became an instant best-seller. These early documents include the writings of Jordanes and Procopius. [120], Denmark has the fourth highest ratio of tertiary degree holders in the world. [196], According to a 2010 Eurobarometer Poll,[197] 28% of Danish nationals polled responded that they "believe there is a God", 47% responded that they "believe there is some sort of spirit or life force" and 24% responded that they "do not believe there is any sort of spirit, God or life force". They then captured the entire Danish fleet so that it could not be used by France to invade Britain (as the French had lost their own fleet at Trafalgar in 1805), leading to the Gunboat War (1807–1814). This union, however, was less repressive than the union that Denmark-Norway union. Mads Mikkelsen is a world-renowned Danish actor, having starred in films such as King Arthur, Casino Royale, the Danish film The Hunt, and the American TV series Hannibal. The easternmost land in Denmark, the Ertholmene archipelago, with an area of 39 hectares (0.16 sq mi), is neither part of a municipality nor a region but belongs to the Ministry of Defence.[82]. Because of this "Danization process", several persons of Inuit ancestry now identify their mother tongue as Danish. Between 1784 and 1815, the abolition of serfdom made the majority of the peasants into landowners. "From Religious Movement to Economic Change: The Grundtvigian Case in Denmark,", Mordhorst, Mads. Meanwhile, in the 17th century, Denmark intervenes rashly in the Thirty Years' War. "Estimates of the national wealth of Denmark 1845–2013" (Danmarks Nationalbank Working Papers No. Charles X Gustav of Sweden suddenly died of an illness in early 1660, while planning an invasion of Norway. In May 2018, 29% of respondents from Denmark in a Eurobarometer opinion poll stated that they were in favour of the EMU and the euro, whereas 65% were against it. The areas of responsibility for the regional councils are the national health service, social services and regional development. It has been a founding member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) since 1949, and membership remains highly popular.[107]. While Danish art was influenced over the centuries by trends in Germany and the Netherlands, the 15th and 16th century church frescos, which can be seen in many of the country's older churches, are of particular interest as they were painted in a style typical of native Danish painters.[247]. Iceland voted for independence from Denmark in 1944. [132] Even when other countries, such as Germany and France, raised protection for their agricultural sector because of increased American competition resulting in much lower agricultural prices after 1870, Denmark retained its free trade policies, as the country profited from the cheap imports of cereals (used as feedstuffs for their cattle and pigs) and could increase their exports of butter and meat of which the prices were more stable. German is recognised as a protected minority language in the South Jutland area of Denmark. Paris was besieged and the Loire Valley devastated during the 10th century. Hot meals traditionally consist of ground meats, such as frikadeller (meat balls of veal and pork) and hakkebøf (minced beef patties), or of more substantial meat and fish dishes such as flæskesteg (roast pork with crackling) and kogt torsk (poached cod) with mustard sauce and trimmings. Danish-born computer scientists and software engineers have taken leading roles in some of the world's programming languages: Anders Hejlsberg (Turbo Pascal, Delphi, C#); Rasmus Lerdorf (PHP); Bjarne Stroustrup (C++); David Heinemeier Hansson (Ruby on Rails); Lars Bak, a pioneer in virtual machines (V8, Java VM, Dart). Besiegers finally starved the last hold-outs in the rebellion, Copenhagen and Malmø, into surrender in July 1536. The Netherlands and other European powers accepted the settlement, not wanting both coasts of the Sound controlled by Denmark. Denmark elects 175 members to the Folketing, with Greenland and the Faroe Islands electing an additional two members each—179 members in total. Dreyer (1889–1968) is considered one of the greatest directors of early cinema.[237][238]. Union of the crowns: 1363-1523. The Scandinavian Monetary Union, a monetary union formed by Sweden and Denmark on 5 May 1873, fixed both their currencies against gold at par to each other. Politics in Denmark operate under a framework laid out in the Constitution of Denmark. [59] The position between a continent and an ocean means that the weather is often unstable. [30][31] The Danevirke defence structures were built in phases from the 3rd century forward and the sheer size of the construction efforts in AD 737 are attributed to the emergence of a Danish king. In the 19th century there was a surge of nationalist movements, which were defeated in the First Schleswig War. This means that most health care provision is free at the point of delivery for all residents. Unfortunately, this act pushed the Netherlands away from Denmark and into the arms of Sweden. [138] The Danish taxation system is broad based, with a 25% value-added tax, in addition to excise taxes, income taxes and other fees. British troops liberate Denmark. The National Institute of Public Health of the University of Southern Denmark has calculated 19 major risk factors among Danes that contribute to a lowering of the life expectancy; this includes smoking, alcohol, drug abuse and physical inactivity. In television, publicly owned stations DR and TV 2 have large shares of the viewers. Denmark has been greatly criticised by the Greenlandic community for the politics of Danization (50's and 60's) of and discrimination against the indigenous population of the country. The Inuit have for decades been the subject of discrimination and abuse by the dominant colonisers from Europe, those countries claiming possession of Inuit lands. This resulted in a three-year civil war called the Count's Feud (Danish: Grevens Fejde). [citation needed] Lake Arresø northwest of Copenhagen is the largest lake. 1941, pop art), Michael Kvium (b. Denmark's large colonial aspirations included a few key trading posts in Africa and India. Francis J. Tschan (New York, 2002), pp. Norway legally had the status of an independent state, with its own parliament, judiciary, legal system, armed forces, flag, and currency. During the 20th century, Iceland gained independence, Greenland and the Faroese became integral parts of the Kingdom of Denmark and North Schleswig reunited with Denmark in 1920 after a referendum. [79][80] Greenland's quotas for the catch of whales are determined according to the advice of the International Whaling Commission (IWC), having quota decision-making powers. Denmark was the only occupied country in World War II to save all its Jews from extermination by smuggling them out of the country. Furthermore, Denmark was even forced to return Swedish Pomerania, held by Danish forces since 1715, to Sweden. Roskilde Festival near Copenhagen is the largest music festival in Northern Europe since 1971 and Denmark has many recurring music festivals of all genres throughout, including Aarhus International Jazz Festival, Skanderborg Festival, The Blue Festival in Aalborg, Esbjerg International Chamber Music Festival and Skagen Festival among many others.[242][243]. On 10 July 1920, Northern Schleswig was recovered by Denmark, thereby adding some 163,600 inhabitants and 3,984 square kilometres (1,538 sq mi). Many of the great buildings of Denmark date from his reign. Crown officials dominated the administration, as well as a new group of bureaucrats, much to the dismay of the traditional aristocracy, who saw their own influence curtailed even further. With the Age of Enlightenment came Ludvig Holberg whose comedy plays are still being performed. The face of Tollundmanden, one of the best preserved bog body finds. The Inuit are indigenous to Greenland in the Kingdom and have traditionally inhabited Greenland and the northern parts of Canada and Alaska in the Arctic. In 1643, Sweden's armies, under the command of Lennart Torstensson, suddenly invaded Denmark without declaring war. University officials handled the censorship, but in 1770 Denmark became one of the first nations of the world to provide for press freedom; it ended in 1799. Denmark now aims to focus on intelligent battery systems (V2G) and plug-in vehicles in the transport sector. [210][212], Denmark shares strong cultural and historic ties with its Scandinavian neighbours Sweden and Norway. In January 2020, 74.3%[186] of the population of Denmark were members of the Church of Denmark (Den Danske Folkekirke), the officially established church, which is Protestant in classification and Lutheran in orientation. As a result, the region became known as "Normandy" and it was the descendants of these settlers who conquered England in 1066. Gaining Independence on A Gap Year For Raquel, 18, a gap year before college was never in her plans until the coronavirus hit. These sui generis municipalities were incorporated into the new regions under the 2007 reforms. In 1666, Anders Bording, the father of Danish journalism, began a state paper. The Swedes returned Trøndelag to Norway and Bornholm to Denmark, but kept both Bahusia and Terra Scania. Other popular sports include golf—which is mostly popular among those in the older demographic;[256] tennis—in which Denmark is successful on a professional level; basketball—Denmark joined the international governing body FIBA in 1951;[257] rugby—the Danish Rugby Union dates back to 1950;[258] ice hockey— often competing in the top division in the Men's World Championships; rowing—Denmark specialise in lightweight rowing and are particularly known for their lightweight coxless four, having won six gold and two silver World Championship medals and three gold and two bronze Olympic medals; and several indoor sports—especially badminton, table tennis and gymnastics, in each of which Denmark holds World Championships and Olympic medals. Seventeen years later her father and her husband are dead, but she has a young son, Olaf. Following his death, Sweden made peace in the Treaty of Copenhagen. [228] From the 18th century up to the 1970s, the Danish government (Dano-Norwegian until 1814) have through time tried to assimilate the indigenous people of Greenland, the Greenlandic Inuit, encouraging them to adopt the majority language, culture and religion. [27] In 1845 Denmark's other tropical colony, Tranquebar in India, was sold to Britain. [19], Frederick obliged by sending letters authorizing the closure of the monasteries, often offering a small sum of money to help the brothers on their way. "Denmark and the European New Order, 1940-1942,", Brincker, Benedikte. ", "The body of Ministers shall form the Council of State, in which the Successor to the Throne shall have a seat when he is of age. [231] Greenland and the Faroe Islands legalized same-sex marriage in April 2016,[232] and in July 2017 respectively. The toll is collected until 1857. His rule marks the start of the Danish monarchy and royal house (see Danish monarchs' family tree). Denmark had no choice but to sell many of its exports to Germany instead of overseas nations. Denmark holds a Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 0.5/10, ranking it 171st globally out of 172 countries—behind only San Marino. During this time power became increasingly centralized in Copenhagen. Denmark became a member of the European Economic Community (now the EU) in 1973, but negotiated certain opt-outs; it retains its own currency, the krone. Contemporary Danish Photography. The inhabitants of Denmark are there called tani ([danɪ]), or "Danes", in the accusative. After a brief war with Sweden, Christian had to abdicate in order to preserve Norwegian autonomy, established in a personal union with Sweden. Today, residence permits are issued mostly to immigrants from other EU countries (54% of all non-Scandinavian immigrants in 2017). This includes Geranium and Noma in Copenhagen. In 1657, during the Second Northern War, Denmark–Norway launched a war of revenge against Sweden (then distracted in Poland) which turned into a complete disaster. Circa 65% of the financing comes from earmarked member contributions, whereas the remaining third originates from the central government and hence ultimately from general taxation.[149]. You'll Never Guess Why", 2013 Legatum Prosperity Index™: Global prosperity rising while US and UK economies decline, "Denmark Country Profile: Human Development Indicators", "The Origin and Deeds of the Goths, chapter III", "Prince Charles says Britain's role in slave trade was an atrocity", "Lost in translation: Epic goes to Denmark", "Traitor Danes: most soldiers return heroes, but this lot came home total zeroes", "Vejrekstremer i Danmark [Weather extremes in Denmark]", "The weather cross – the four corners of autumn weather", "Copenhagen, Denmark – Sunrise, sunset, dawn and dusk times for the whole year", "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm", "Forests and forestry in Denmark – Thousands of years of interaction between man and nature", "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity - Supplementary Material", "Theme: Herring, cod and other fish – 1001 Stories of Denmark", "Denmark to phase out oil and gas production by 2050 in "watershed" decision", The law of environmental damage: liability and reparation, "The Climate Change Performance Index: Results 2015", "Almost Saving Whales: The Ambiguity of Success at the International Whaling Commission [Full Text] - Ethics & International Affairs", "Hundreds of whales slaughtered in Faroe Island's annual killing", "Christiansø betaler ikke sundhedsbidrag", Denmark: Regions, Municipalities, Cities & Major Urban Areas, "Act on the Faroese authorities acquisition of affairs and fields", "The Constitution of Denmark – Section 88". Denmark now had no hope of recovering its lost provinces from Sweden. A sign of renewed intellectual vigor was the introduction of compulsory schooling in 1814. The government established the Danish National Church (Danish: Folkekirken) as the state church. [188] Only 3% of the population regularly attend Sunday services[189][190] and only 19% of Danes consider religion to be an important part of their life. The monarch officially retains executive power and presides over the Council of State (privy council). The only time when war threatened was in 1762, when the Duke of Holstein-Gottorp became Tsar Peter III of Russia and declared war on Denmark over his ancestral claims in Schleswig. The war in Germany had been very expensive and Christian IV saw no other recourse than to raise the Sound tolls. A circle enclosing the same area as Denmark would be 234 kilometres (145 miles) in diameter with a circumference of 736 km (457 mi) (land area only:232.33 km (144.36 mi) and 730 km (454 mi) respectively). In 1987, the Kingdom Parliament (Folketinget) established a national human rights institution, the Danish Centre of Human Rights, now the Danish Institute for Human Rights. Danish is more distantly related to German, which is a West Germanic language. [78], Denmark's territories, Greenland and the Faroe Islands, catch approximately 650 whales per year. [143] Establishing a business can be done in a matter of hours and at very low costs. Tausen preached openly: much to the consternation of Bishop Jøn Friis, who lost his ability to do anything about the Lutherans and retreated to Hald Castle.[18]. In favour of the Kingdom of Prussia, Denmark renounced her claims to Swedish Pomerania at the Congress of Vienna (1815), and instead was satisfied with the Duchy of Lauenburg and a Prussian payment of 3.5 million talers. The population proportion of 'ghetto residents' with non-Western background was 66.5%. The government also introduced free trade and universal education. The economy expanded during the 12th century, based mostly on the lucrative herring-trade, but the 13th century turned into a period of difficulty and saw the temporary collapse of royal authority. , normally considered the first Schleswig War in Germany during the 1930s,,. Much of the 22 had died before reaching 20 years of military service of Public Public Holidays that are in! 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